Gum disease is characterised by inflamed, red gums (gingivitis). In more severe cases, the bone around the teeth becomes inflamed and swollen. This is known as periodentitis.

Gum disease can develop when bacteria growing plaque enter the blood stream and sensitise some of the cells of the immune system, preventing them from functioning effectively. This can lead to a localised inflammation of the gums. Other factors such as amalgam fillings and smoking can also contribute to gum disease.

Gum disease is most widespread amongst middle-aged people.

Although no specific diet is advised, sufferers would be best suited to following a high fibre diet as this increases salivary secretion. Sugar rich foods should be avoided as they increase formation of dental plaque.